Individual plaintiffs and states lacked standing to challenge the ACA individual mandate where the penalty had been reduced to zero, as no concrete injury was shown.
constitutional
Indefinite administrative detention of a non-citizen with no real prospect of removal is unlawful as punitive and contrary to Ch III of the Australian Constitution, overruling Al-Kateb v Godwin.
HCA upheld NSW ag-gag laws as valid notwithstanding a burden on the implied freedom of political communication, applying the structured proportionality test.
HCA upheld WA COVID-19 border closure legislation as valid under s.92, finding restrictions on interstate movement were reasonably necessary and proportionate to protect public health.
Get a detailed analysis of California v Texas and how it applies to your situation.
Explain California v Texas