Contempt of court for breach of a freezing order requires only knowledge of the order and a deliberate act, not an intention to breach it.
Injunctive Relief and Interim Remedies
Privy Council clarified the principles governing Chabra-style freezing injunctions against non-cause-of-action defendants where assets are held by a third party.
The UK Supreme Court held that Argentina could not rely on state immunity under the State Immunity Act 1978 where its bond issuance constituted a commercial transaction.
Privy Council restated American Cyanamid principles for interim injunctions, emphasising the court's task is to assess the balance of convenience and risk of injustice on the whole merits.
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