“Conduct, transaction, or occurrence” construed in habeas amendments — often cited by analogy (use carefully in ordinary civil cases)
Civil Procedure — FRCP 15 amendments
Rule 15(c)(1)(C) “mistake” inquiry focuses on what the prospective defendant knew or should have known, not on the plaintiff’s diligence
Due-process limits on adding a party and imposing judgment without opportunity to respond — amendment and party-addition caution
Pre-amendment relation-back timing themes for party changes; historical backdrop to modern 15(c)/4(m) structure
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