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Australia
Leading Case
circumstantialintermediate factsjury directions
Shepherd v The Queen
[1990] HCA 56; (1990) 170 CLR 573
Key Principle
In a circumstantial case the prosecution must exclude beyond reasonable doubt every reasonable hypothesis consistent with innocence; only 'indispensable intermediate facts' (essential links in the chain of reasoning) must themselves be proved beyond reasonable doubt, not every fact relied on.
Area of Law
Criminal Law, Procedure & Evidence
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