Singapore Court of Appeal established the four-situations framework for termination for breach, distinguishing conditions, warranties, innominate terms, and renunciation.
Contract and Interpretation
Limitation-of-liability clauses in commercial contracts are enforceable and subject to ordinary principles of contractual construction in Singapore.
Plain meaning of contractual words prevails unless surrounding context clearly demands otherwise; commercial sense alone cannot displace clear text.
Court of Appeal laid down three-step framework for implying terms in fact: identify a gap, establish necessity, and formulate the specific term to be implied.
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