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United States joint employereconomic reality testemployer definition

Bonnette test from Bonnette v. California Health and Welfare Agency

Bonnette v. California Health & Welfare Agency, 704 F.2d 1465 (9th Cir. 1983)
JurisdictionUnited States
CourtUnited States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Year1983
StatusBinding authority

Key Principle

Whether an entity is a joint 'employer' under the FLSA is assessed under the 'economic reality' approach by weighing four factors—whether the alleged employer (1) had power to hire and fire, (2) supervised and controlled work schedules or conditions of employment, (3) determined the rate and method of payment, and (4) maintained employment records.

Area of Law

General

Related Cases

Klein v. Martin 607 U. S. 213 (2026)
Ellingburg v. United States 607 U.S. ___ (2026)
Inc. v. Palmquist 607 U.S. 421 (2026)

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